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Cytat
Do celu tam się wysiada. Lec Stanisław Jerzy (pierw. de Tusch-Letz, 1909-1966)
A bogowie grają w kości i nie pytają wcale czy chcesz przyłączyć się do gry (. . . ) Bogowie kpią sobie z twojego poukładanego życia (. . . ) nie przejmują się zbytnio ani naszymi planami na przyszłość ani oczekiwaniami. Gdzieś we wszechświecie rzucają kości i przypadkiem wypada twoja kolej. I odtąd zwyciężyć lub przegrać - to tylko kwestia szczęścia. Borys Pasternak
Idąc po kurzych jajach nie podskakuj. Przysłowie szkockie
I Herkules nie poradzi przeciwko wielu.
Dialog półinteligentów równa się monologowi ćwierćinteligenta. Stanisław Jerzy Lec (pierw. de Tusch - Letz, 1909-1966)
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.If no latrinesare available, personnel should bury all human waste in pits or trenches.I-5 Cold WeatherIf cold weather injuries are a threat in the area, personnel should:Drink plenty of fluids, preferably water or other decaffeinated beverages;Closely monitor others who have had previous cold injuries;Use well-ventilated warming tents and hot liquids for relief from thecold.Watch for shivering and increase rations to the equivalent offour MREs per day;Not rest or sleep in tents or vehicles unless well ventilated; tempera-tures can drop drastically at night;Dress in layers, wear polypropylene long underwear, and use sun-glasses, scarf, unscented lip balm, sunscreen, and skin moisturizers;Insulate themselves from the ground with tree boughs or sleepingmats and construct windscreens to avoid unnecessary heat loss; andRemember that loss of sensitivity in any body part requires immediatemedical attention.I-6 First AidBasic LifesavingThose caring for injured persons should immediately:Establish an open airway,Ensure the victim is breathing,Stop bleeding to support circulation,Prevent further disability,Place dressing over open wounds,Immobilize neck injuries,Splint obvious limb deformities, andMinimize further exposure to adverse weather.Injuries and CareShockSymptoms:O' ConfusionO' Cold, clammy skinO' SweatingO' Shallow, labored, and rapid breathingO' Rapid pulseTreatment:O' An open airway should be maintained.O' Unconscious victims should be placed on their side.O' Victims should be kept calm, warm, and comfortable.O' Lower extremities should be elevated.O' Medical attention should be sought as soon as possible.I-7 Abdominal WoundTreatment:O' Exposed organs should be covered with moist, clean dressing.O' Wound should be secured with bandages.O' Displaced organs should never be reintroduced to the body.BleedingTreatment:O' Direct pressure with hand should be applied; a dressing should beused if available.O' Injured extremity should be elevated if no fractures are suspected.O' Pressure points may be used to control bleeding.O' Dressings should not be removed; additional dressings may beapplied over old dressings.Tourniquet:O' NOTE: Tourniquets should only be used when an injury is lifethreatening.O' A 1-inch band should be tied between the injury and the heart, 2 to4 inches from the injury, to stop severe bleeding; wire or shoestrings should not be used.O' Band should be tight enough to stop bleeding and no tighter.O' Once the tourniquet is tied, it should not be loosened.O' The tourniquet should be left exposed for quick visual reference.O' The time that the tourniquet is tied and the letter T should bewritten on the casualty s forehead.Eye InjuryTreatment:Embedded objects should not be removed; dressings should secureobjects to prohibit movement.Bandages should be applied lightly to both eyes.Patients should be continuously attended.I-8 Chest WoundSymptoms:Sucking noise from chestFrothy red blood from woundTreatment:Entry and exit wounds should be identified; wounds should be cov-ered (aluminum foil, ID card).Three sides of the material covering the wound should be taped, leav-ing the bottom untaped.Victim should be positioned to facilitate easiest breathing.FracturesSymptoms:Deformity, bruisingTendernessSwelling and discolorationTreatment:Fractured limb should not be straightened.Injury should be splinted with minimal movement of injured person.Joints above and below the injury should be splinted.If not in a chemical environment, remove clothing from injured area.Rings should be removed from fingers.Check pulse below injury to determine blood flow restrictions.Spinal, Neck, Head InjurySymptoms:Lack of feeling and/or control below neckTreatment:Conscious victims should be cautioned to remain still.Airway should be checked without moving injured person s head.I-9 Victims who must be moved should be placed, without bending orrotating victim s head and neck, on a hard surface that would act as alitter (door, cut lumber).Head and neck should be immobilized.Heat InjuriesHeat CrampsSymptoms:Spasms, usually in muscles or armsResults from strenuous work or exerciseLoss of salt in the bodyNormal body temperatureHeat ExhaustionSymptoms:Cramps in abdomen or limbsPale skinDizziness, faintness, weaknessNausea or vomitingProfuse sweating or moist, cool skinWeak pulseNormal body temperatureHeat StrokeSymptoms:Headache, dizzinessRed face/skinHot, dry skin (no sweating)Strong, rapid pulseHigh body temperature (hot to touch)I-10 Treatment:Victim should be treated for shock.Victim should be laid in a cool area with clothing loosened.Victim can be cooled by sprinkling with cool water or fanning(though not to the point of shivering).If conscious, victim may drink cool water (2 teaspoons of salt to onecanteen may be added).Seek medical attention immediately; heat stroke can result in death.BurnsBurns may be caused by heat (thermal), electricity, chemicals, or radia-tion.Treatment is based on depth, size, and severity (degree of burn).Allburn victims should be treated for shock and seen by medical personnel.Thermal/First DegreeSymptoms:Skin reddensPainfulTreatment:Source of burn should be removed.Cool water should be applied to the affected area.Thermal/Second DegreeSymptoms:Skin reddens and blistersVery painfulTreatment:Source of burn should be removed.Cool water should be applied to the affected area.Blisters should not be broken.A dry dressing should cover the affected area.I-11 Thermal/Third DegreeSymptoms:Charred or whitish looking skinMay burn to the boneBurned area not painful; surrounding area very painfulTreatment:Source of burn should be removed.Clothing that adheres to burned area should not be removed.A dry dressing should cover the affected area.Electrical BurnsTreatment:Power source must be off.Entry and exit wounds should be identified.Burned area should be treated in accordance with its severity.Chemical BurnsTreatment:Skin should be flushed with a large amount of water; eyes should beflushed for at least 20 minutes.Visible contaminants should be removed
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